Spain

Spain

Hepatitis B

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Prevalence of chronic HBV (HBsAg+)

20-80 year olds
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0.22 (0.10 - 0.34) 2018 Survey/reported Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualidad, 2020
National
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0 (0 - 1) 2003 Survey/reported Lopez-Izquierdo R et al, 2007
1.4 (0.80 - 2.20) 2002 Survey/reported Salleras L et al, 2007
0.7 (0.50 - 1) 2009 Survey/reported Pedraza-Flechas et al, 2014
0.8 (0.60 - 1.10) 2016 Modelled ECDC
0.57 (0.44 - 0.72) 2015 Modelled WHO
0.6 (0.40 - 0.90) 2016 Modelled Razavi-Shearer et al, 2018
0.34 (0.32 - 0.37) 2013 Modelled Schweitzer et al, 2015
0.75 (0.67 - 0.83) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
0.83 (0.74 - 0.91) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.84 (0.75 - 0.92) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.86 (0.77 - 0.95) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.89 (0.79 - 0.99) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.89 (0.80 - 0.99) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.91 (0.81 - 1) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.92 (0.83 - 1.02) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.93 (0.84 - 1.03) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.94 (0.84 - 1.04) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.95 (0.85 - 1.05) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.96 (0.87 - 1.06) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.98 (0.88 - 1.09) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1 (0.90 - 1.11) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1 (0.90 - 1.12) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.01 (0.91 - 1.12) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.02 (0.92 - 1.13) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.04 (0.93 - 1.15) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.05 (0.94 - 1.16) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.06 (0.94 - 1.17) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.07 (0.95 - 1.18) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.08 (0.96 - 1.19) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.09 (0.98 - 1.20) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.1 (0.99 - 1.22) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.11 (0.99 - 1.23) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.12 (1 - 1.24) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.13 (1.01 - 1.24) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.14 (1.03 - 1.26) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.15 (1.04 - 1.29) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.17 (1.05 - 1.30) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.82 (0.73 - 0.91) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
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Children under-5 years
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0.19 (0.12 - 0.27) 2015 Modelled WHO
0.03 (0.02 - 0.04) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.05 (0.04 - 0.07) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.06 (0.04 - 0.07) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.06 (0.04 - 0.08) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.06 (0.04 - 0.08) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.07 (0.05 - 0.09) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.09 (0.07 - 0.13) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.12 (0.09 - 0.16) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.15 (0.10 - 0.20) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.16 (0.11 - 0.22) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.16 (0.12 - 0.22) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.17 (0.12 - 0.23) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.17 (0.13 - 0.23) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.18 (0.13 - 0.23) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.18 (0.14 - 0.24) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.22 (0.16 - 0.28) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.29 (0.22 - 0.38) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.4 (0.29 - 0.52) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.54 (0.39 - 0.69) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.68 (0.48 - 0.88) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.13 (0.11 - 0.15) 2020 Modelled WHO
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Pregnant women
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0.1 (0 - 0.50) 2009 Survey/reported Salleras L et al, 2009
People who inject drugs (PWID)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
9.4 2016 Survey/reported ECDC
10.5 2015 Survey/reported EMCDDA
11 2014 Survey/reported EMCDDA
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People who have ever injected drugs (PWID)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
9.4 2016 Survey/reported EMCDDA
Men who have sex with men (MSM)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
1.55 2017 Survey/reported ECDC Monitoring Report
Prisoners
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Value (%) Year Type Source
2.6 (0.80 - 4.50) 2008 Survey/reported Garcia-Guerrero J et al, 2010
2.6 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
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Technical notes

Number of people living with chronic HBV

National
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Value Year Type Source
287,000 (208,000 - 401,000) 2016 Modelled Razavi-Shearer et al, 2018
345,692 (307,911 - 382,208) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
356,319 (316,421 - 394,249) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
360,495 (322,840 - 395,683) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
365,569 (326,813 - 403,248) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
378,499 (337,840 - 416,622) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
390,885 (349,254 - 437,646) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
395,676 (354,301 - 438,180) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
402,192 (362,256 - 442,726) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
408,779 (367,309 - 451,377) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
413,764 (371,914 - 455,851) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
415,390 (372,502 - 461,605) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
415,988 (375,152 - 460,716) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
417,970 (377,456 - 461,954) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
419,722 (378,356 - 463,600) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
420,054 (377,991 - 466,341) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
417,253 (374,002 - 464,244) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
413,592 (371,789 - 458,542) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
411,928 (370,231 - 455,172) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
410,847 (367,915 - 452,545) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
409,464 (365,282 - 452,518) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
406,932 (361,989 - 450,925) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
405,024 (361,587 - 447,563) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
405,425 (362,903 - 447,601) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
406,896 (363,378 - 448,796) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
408,463 (364,830 - 450,998) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
409,084 (366,627 - 452,582) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
409,707 (367,241 - 453,662) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
411,860 (371,441 - 455,146) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
415,121 (374,501 - 460,555) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
419,042 (376,891 - 466,055) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
423,258 (379,777 - 472,362) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
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Number of new cases of HBV

National
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Value Year Type Source
346 2019 Survey/reported European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2021

HBV-related death rate

National
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Value (per 100,000) Year Type Source
2.07 (1.59 - 2.63) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
3.81 (2.99 - 4.84) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.79 (3.01 - 4.74) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.72 (2.95 - 4.60) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.67 (2.94 - 4.54) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.64 (2.92 - 4.50) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.63 (2.92 - 4.51) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.63 (2.92 - 4.49) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.57 (2.87 - 4.44) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.47 (2.78 - 4.34) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.57 (2.85 - 4.46) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.57 (2.85 - 4.44) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.33 (2.67 - 4.16) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3.09 (2.47 - 3.86) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.8 (2.24 - 3.51) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.29 (1.83 - 2.87) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.51 (2 - 3.14) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.36 (1.87 - 2.96) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.26 (1.79 - 2.81) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.2 (1.75 - 2.74) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.15 (1.71 - 2.70) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.11 (1.68 - 2.64) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.09 (1.66 - 2.63) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.07 (1.64 - 2.61) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.03 (1.59 - 2.55) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.01 (1.57 - 2.55) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.04 (1.58 - 2.59) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.03 (1.56 - 2.60) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.05 (1.58 - 2.62) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.06 (1.59 - 2.62) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
2.07 (1.59 - 2.63) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
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Technical notes

HBV-related deaths

National
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Value Year Type Source
1,610 2016 Modelled WHO
1,479 (1,161 - 1,877) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,474 (1,169 - 1,843) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,449 (1,150 - 1,790) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,426 (1,145 - 1,762) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,435 (1,148 - 1,772) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,428 (1,149 - 1,772) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,434 (1,154 - 1,775) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,416 (1,139 - 1,762) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,427 (1,142 - 1,784) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,439 (1,151 - 1,792) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,415 (1,134 - 1,771) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,299 (1,036 - 1,621) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,379 (1,103 - 1,721) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,198 (957 - 1,498) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,091 (867 - 1,364) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,029 (819 - 1,285) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,026 (812 - 1,277) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,043 (827 - 1,307) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,016 (805 - 1,265) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1,005 (797 - 1,257) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
988 (781 - 1,241) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
993 (787 - 1,242) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
955 (747 - 1,201) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
977 (772 - 1,229) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
945 (734 - 1,198) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
953 (738 - 1,208) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
945 (728 - 1,208) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
950 (732 - 1,217) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
951 (733 - 1,210) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
954 (732 - 1,212) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
954 (732 - 1,212) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
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Percent of liver cancer deaths attributable to HBV

National
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Value (%) Year Type Source
7 (5 - 10) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
7 (5 - 11) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
8 (5 - 11) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
8 (6 - 12) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9 (6 - 13) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9 (6 - 13) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9 (6 - 13) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10 (6 - 14) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10 (7 - 14) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 15) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10 (7 - 15) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 16) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 16) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 15) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 16) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 16) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 15) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 16) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 15) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (8 - 16) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (8 - 16) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (8 - 16) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
12 (8 - 17) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (8 - 16) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
12 (8 - 17) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
12 (8 - 17) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
12 (8 - 17) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (8 - 17) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 16) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
11 (7 - 16) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9 (6 - 14) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
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Technical notes

Coverage of 3-dose hepatitis B vaccine

Infants
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Value (%) Year Type Source
96 2019 Survey/reported WHO/UNICEF
98 2020 Survey/reported WHO/UNICEF
92 2021 Survey/reported WHO/UNICEF
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Number of needles/syringes per PWID per year

People who inject drugs (PWID)
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Value Year Type Source
119 2016 Survey/reported EMCDDA, 2019
141 (84 - 428) 2015 Survey/reported EMCDDA, 2017
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Technical notes
HBV National Action Plan
HBV elimination goal
Source:
HepB birth dose policy
Yes (for risk groups)
Source: Khetsuriani et al 2021
Eligible for HBV generic medicines
Source: MPP
HCV National Action Plan
Source:
HCV elimination goal
Source:
HCV testing policy
Risk-based
Source:
Eligible for HCV generic medicines
Source: MPP
At least one needle-syringe exchange program (NSP) operational
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
At least one opioid substitution therapy (OST) program operational
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
NSP in at least one prison
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
OST in at least one prison
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
% of substance use disorder facilities offering hepatitis testing
Many (31-60%)
Source: WHO
% of substance use disorder facilities offering hepatitis treatment
Some (11-30%)
Source: WHO

Hepatitis C

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Prevalence of chronic HCV (RNA+/cAg)

20-80 year olds
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0.17 (0.08 - 0.28) 2018 Survey/reported Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualidad, 2020
National
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0.8 (0.30 - 1.20) 2015 Modelled Blach et al, 2017
1.05 (0.85 - 1.27) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.04 (0.86 - 1.27) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.04 (0.85 - 1.27) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.03 (0.85 - 1.25) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.02 (0.83 - 1.25) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.02 (0.84 - 1.25) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.03 (0.84 - 1.25) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.03 (0.84 - 1.26) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.04 (0.84 - 1.27) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.04 (0.84 - 1.26) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.02 (0.83 - 1.22) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.96 (0.80 - 1.15) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.9 (0.76 - 1.06) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.85 (0.72 - 0.98) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.83 (0.71 - 0.96) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.84 (0.72 - 0.97) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.87 (0.75 - 1.01) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.91 (0.79 - 1.05) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.95 (0.82 - 1.10) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.98 (0.83 - 1.14) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1 (0.85 - 1.17) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.03 (0.87 - 1.20) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.05 (0.89 - 1.24) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.07 (0.90 - 1.27) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.08 (0.90 - 1.29) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.07 (0.90 - 1.28) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.07 (0.89 - 1.27) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.06 (0.89 - 1.27) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.05 (0.88 - 1.26) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
1.04 (0.87 - 1.25) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
0.98 (0.79 - 1.18) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
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People who inject drugs (PWID)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
66.5 2015 Survey/reported EMCDDA; Ministry of Health
66.6 2014 Survey/reported EMCDDA; Ministry of Health
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Women of childbearing age (15–49 years)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0.26 (0.14 - 0.42) 2019 Modelled Dugan et al., 2021
Technical notes

Prevalence of anti-HCV

National
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Value (%) Year Type Source
1.1 (0.30 - 2.80) 2003 Survey/reported Lopez-Izquierdo R et al, 2007
1.7 (0.40 - 2.60) 2014 Modelled Gower et al, 2014
1.5 2019 Modelled Jin et al. 2017
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Pregnant women
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Value (%) Year Type Source
0.2 (0.10 - 0.30) 2012 Survey/reported Seisdedos T et al, 2011
Men who have sex with men (MSM) Living with HIV
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Value (%) Year Type Source
4.9 (2.90 - 7.50) 2019 Modelled Jin et al. 2017
People who inject drugs (PWID)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
71 (69.50 - 72.50) 2012 Modelled Degenhardt L et al, 2017
64.4 2016 Survey/reported ECDC
64 2014 Survey/reported European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, 2019
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People who have ever injected drugs (PWID)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
64.4 2016 Survey/reported EMCDDA
Men who have sex with men (MSM)
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Value (%) Year Type Source
2 2017 Survey/reported ECDC
4.2 2019 Modelled Jin et al. 2017
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Prisoners
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Value (%) Year Type Source
20.3 (18.90 - 21.70) 2009 Modelled ECDC
44.9 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
42.9 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
38.9 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
37.8 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
37.2 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
33 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
3,029 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
27 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
25.3 2010 Survey/reported ECDC
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Technical notes

Number of people living with chronic HCV (RNA+/cAg)

National
Download
Value Year Type Source
386,000 (159,000 - 557,000) 2015 Modelled Blach et al, 2017
376,871 (315,690 - 452,253) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
382,805 (320,593 - 458,974) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
387,430 (324,864 - 464,748) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
391,247 (327,025 - 464,475) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
394,486 (329,609 - 467,692) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
397,125 (332,276 - 476,124) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
397,302 (332,994 - 469,980) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
393,099 (331,125 - 463,539) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
386,756 (327,278 - 452,282) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
380,263 (324,106 - 442,750) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
375,810 (320,249 - 437,285) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
370,528 (318,039 - 428,716) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
360,819 (310,605 - 417,890) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
350,361 (301,755 - 404,137) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
342,948 (293,686 - 397,771) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
342,732 (293,284 - 398,436) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
357,315 (302,965 - 416,039) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
385,152 (323,683 - 452,118) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
418,079 (347,944 - 498,463) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
446,623 (365,595 - 537,847) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
460,505 (372,214 - 560,572) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
461,936 (375,165 - 562,284) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
459,651 (374,571 - 559,404) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
455,777 (372,444 - 554,933) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
452,068 (370,684 - 554,747) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
449,888 (367,949 - 554,130) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
451,277 (370,889 - 551,066) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
453,773 (371,353 - 554,394) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
455,320 (373,456 - 553,519) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
455,526 (368,948 - 551,037) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
448,841 (362,710 - 544,260) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
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Women of childbearing age (15–49 years)
Download
Value Year Type Source
26,800 (14,000 - 43,100) 2019 Modelled Dugan et al., 2021

Number of new cases of HCV

National
Download
Value Year Type Source
1,382 2019 Survey/reported European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2021

HCV-related death rate

National
Download
Value (Deaths per 100,000) Year Type Source
10.5 (8.76 - 12.20) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
9.95 (8.11 - 12.19) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.04 (8.21 - 12.21) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.01 (8.23 - 12.22) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.03 (8.27 - 12.16) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.09 (8.35 - 12.15) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.22 (8.42 - 12.28) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.34 (8.52 - 12.43) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.29 (8.57 - 12.35) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.41 (8.66 - 12.44) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.52 (8.74 - 12.57) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.39 (8.60 - 12.40) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.4 (8.62 - 12.38) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.5 (8.73 - 12.50) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.59 (8.80 - 12.60) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.48 (8.73 - 12.42) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.13 (8.39 - 11.98) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.34 (8.62 - 12.25) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.07 (8.35 - 11.85) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9.96 (8.30 - 11.70) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9.78 (8.16 - 11.46) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9.87 (8.23 - 11.58) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9.89 (8.27 - 11.57) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9.83 (8.21 - 11.52) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9.9 (8.28 - 11.58) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.18 (8.49 - 11.94) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
9.97 (8.34 - 11.67) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.19 (8.51 - 11.96) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.27 (8.50 - 12.11) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.36 (8.63 - 12.15) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
10.47 (8.76 - 12.25) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
5.9 2019 Survey/reported Politi et al J, 2021
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HCV-related deaths

National
Download
Value Year Type Source
4,316 2016 Modelled WHO
4,817 (4,031 - 5,637) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,817 (4,031 - 5,638) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
4,785 (3,988 - 5,614) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,762 (3,942 - 5,616) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,743 (3,961 - 5,569) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,755 (3,966 - 5,580) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,679 (3,914 - 5,476) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,653 (3,894 - 5,447) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,671 (3,905 - 5,460) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,637 (3,872 - 5,434) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,594 (3,834 - 5,385) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,601 (3,840 - 5,400) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,595 (3,827 - 5,399) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,583 (3,798 - 5,393) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,543 (3,764 - 5,370) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,565 (3,804 - 5,407) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,553 (3,790 - 5,396) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,523 (3,762 - 5,383) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,412 (3,671 - 5,253) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,303 (3,565 - 5,123) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,240 (3,509 - 5,062) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,247 (3,528 - 5,074) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,162 (3,465 - 4,977) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,089 (3,403 - 4,905) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,085 (3,366 - 4,908) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
4,017 (3,312 - 4,830) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3,954 (3,273 - 4,759) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3,920 (3,231 - 4,750) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3,902 (3,208 - 4,760) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3,901 (3,190 - 4,744) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
3,858 (3,145 - 4,726) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
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Technical notes

Percent of liver cancer deaths attributable to HCV

National
Download
Value (%) Year Type Source
34 (27 - 41) 1990 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
35 (28 - 43) 1991 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
38 (30 - 46) 1992 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
42 (33 - 51) 1994 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
40 (31 - 48) 1993 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
44 (34 - 53) 1995 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
46 (36 - 56) 1996 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
48 (38 - 59) 1997 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
50 (39 - 60) 1998 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
52 (41 - 63) 1999 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
54 (43 - 66) 2000 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
56 (44 - 67) 2001 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
57 (45 - 69) 2002 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
57 (45 - 69) 2003 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
58 (46 - 70) 2004 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
58 (46 - 70) 2005 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
59 (47 - 71) 2006 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
60 (48 - 71) 2007 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
61 (49 - 72) 2008 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
63 (50 - 74) 2009 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
64 (52 - 76) 2010 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
67 (54 - 80) 2013 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
65 (53 - 77) 2011 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
66 (53 - 78) 2012 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
67 (54 - 80) 2014 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
66 (53 - 79) 2015 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
66 (53 - 80) 2016 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
65 (53 - 79) 2017 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
64 (52 - 77) 2018 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
64 (51 - 77) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
55 (45 - 65) 2019 Modelled IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)
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Technical notes

Number of persons treated for HCV

National
Download
Value Year Type Source
29,151 2017 Survey/reported ECDC, 2019
Technical notes

Number of needles/syringes per PWID per year

People who inject drugs (PWID)
Download
Value Year Type Source
119 2016 Survey/reported EMCDDA, 2019
141 (84 - 428) 2015 Survey/reported EMCDDA, 2017
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Proportion of persons living with HCV diagnosed

National
Download
Value (%) Year Type Source
71 2016 Survey/reported Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualidad, 2020
HBV National Action Plan
HBV elimination goal
Source:
HepB birth dose policy
Yes (for risk groups)
Source: Khetsuriani et al 2021
Eligible for HBV generic medicines
Source: MPP
HCV National Action Plan
Source:
HCV elimination goal
Source:
HCV testing policy
Risk-based
Source:
Eligible for HCV generic medicines
Source: MPP
At least one needle-syringe exchange program (NSP) operational
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
At least one opioid substitution therapy (OST) program operational
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
NSP in at least one prison
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
OST in at least one prison
Yes
Source: Harm Reduction International
% of substance use disorder facilities offering hepatitis testing
Many (31-60%)
Source: WHO
% of substance use disorder facilities offering hepatitis treatment
Some (11-30%)
Source: WHO

Overview

HBV elimination goal
HCV elimination goal

Prevalence (national)

Modelled

HBV (HBsAg+)
0.82 (%)
2019
(0.73 - 0.91(%))
IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)
HCV (RNA/cAg+)
0.98 (%)
2019
(0.79 - 1.18(%))
IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)

Survey/surveillance

HBV (HBsAg+)
0.7 (%)
2009
(0.5 - 1(%))
Pedraza-Flechas et al, 2014
HCV (anti-HCV)
1.1 (%)
2003
(0.3 - 2.8(%))
Lopez-Izquierdo R et al, 2007

Hepatitis related deaths (national)

Modelled

HBV
954
2019
(732 - 1,212)
IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2020)

Survey/surveillance

No data available
HBV chart

Modelled

HCV
4,817
2019
(4,031 - 5,637)
IHME, GBD 2019 (accessed 2022)

Survey/surveillance

No data available
HCV chart

Prevalence < 5

HBV
0.13 (%)
2020, latest modelled
(0.11 - 0.15(%))
WHO

Prevalence PWID

HCV
64.40 (%)
2016, survey/surveillance
ECDC

Birth dose vaccination coverage (national)

Survey/surveillance

No data available

No. of syringes/PWID/year

Survey/surveillance

HCV
119
2016
EMCDDA, 2019
Eligible for HBV generic medicines
Eligible for HCV generic medicines
Download National Hepatitis Elimination Profile (N-HEP)

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