Papua New Guinea

Hepatitis B

Download HBV data

Prevalence of chronic HBV (HBsAg+)

National

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
6.2 (5.82 - 6.47)	2019	Modelled	IHME
6.34 (5.98 - 6.62)	2018	Modelled	IHME
6.45 (6.01 - 6.77)	2017	Modelled	IHME
6.51 (5.98 - 6.85)	2016	Modelled	IHME
6.58 (5.80 - 6.96)	2015	Modelled	IHME
6.68 (5.87 - 7.07)	2014	Modelled	IHME
6.82 (6.04 - 7.21)	2013	Modelled	IHME
6.98 (6.24 - 7.37)	2012	Modelled	IHME
7.15 (6.41 - 7.54)	2011	Modelled	IHME
7.3 (6.55 - 7.72)	2010	Modelled	IHME
7.46 (6.72 - 7.87)	2009	Modelled	IHME
7.61 (6.84 - 8.04)	2008	Modelled	IHME
7.77 (6.93 - 8.23)	2007	Modelled	IHME
7.92 (7.04 - 8.41)	2006	Modelled	IHME
8.06 (7.15 - 8.59)	2005	Modelled	IHME
8.19 (7.19 - 8.73)	2004	Modelled	IHME
8.31 (7.24 - 8.88)	2003	Modelled	IHME
8.43 (7.31 - 9.02)	2002	Modelled	IHME
8.55 (7.35 - 9.16)	2001	Modelled	IHME
8.68 (7.40 - 9.34)	2000	Modelled	IHME
8.81 (7.51 - 9.51)	1999	Modelled	IHME
8.95 (7.57 - 9.69)	1998	Modelled	IHME
9.09 (7.67 - 9.89)	1997	Modelled	IHME
9.23 (7.77 - 10.10)	1996	Modelled	IHME
9.36 (7.88 - 10.30)	1995	Modelled	IHME
9.49 (7.96 - 10.43)	1994	Modelled	IHME
9.63 (8.07 - 10.53)	1993	Modelled	IHME
9.76 (8.20 - 10.64)	1992	Modelled	IHME
9.9 (8.34 - 10.77)	1991	Modelled	IHME
10.03 (8.40 - 10.92)	1990	Modelled	IHME
5.4 (4.34 - 6.79)	2015	Modelled	WHO
6.6 (6 - 7.70)	2016	Modelled	Razavi-Shearer et al, 2018
14.59 (13.85 - 15.35)	2013	Modelled	Schweitzer et al, 2015

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Children under-5 years

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
2.57 (1.89 - 3.15)	2019	Modelled	IHME
2.64 (1.91 - 3.20)	2018	Modelled	IHME
2.66 (1.88 - 3.28)	2017	Modelled	IHME
2.5 (1.63 - 3.09)	2016	Modelled	IHME
2.33 (1.35 - 2.98)	2015	Modelled	IHME
2.31 (1.35 - 2.95)	2014	Modelled	IHME
2.3 (1.36 - 2.93)	2013	Modelled	IHME
2.29 (1.38 - 2.91)	2012	Modelled	IHME
2.29 (1.38 - 2.89)	2011	Modelled	IHME
2.29 (1.40 - 2.90)	2010	Modelled	IHME
2.28 (1.41 - 2.89)	2009	Modelled	IHME
2.27 (1.43 - 2.89)	2008	Modelled	IHME
2.27 (1.46 - 2.91)	2007	Modelled	IHME
2.26 (1.47 - 2.93)	2006	Modelled	IHME
2.27 (1.49 - 2.94)	2005	Modelled	IHME
2.33 (1.57 - 3.05)	2004	Modelled	IHME
2.48 (1.67 - 3.21)	2003	Modelled	IHME
2.7 (1.81 - 3.44)	2002	Modelled	IHME
2.95 (1.97 - 3.69)	2001	Modelled	IHME
3.2 (2.12 - 4.02)	2000	Modelled	IHME
3.49 (2.30 - 4.39)	1999	Modelled	IHME
3.85 (2.53 - 4.86)	1998	Modelled	IHME
4.23 (2.77 - 5.40)	1997	Modelled	IHME
4.58 (3 - 5.87)	1996	Modelled	IHME
4.87 (3.22 - 6.30)	1995	Modelled	IHME
5.1 (3.40 - 6.51)	1994	Modelled	IHME
5.31 (3.54 - 6.72)	1993	Modelled	IHME
5.5 (3.71 - 6.92)	1992	Modelled	IHME
5.67 (3.79 - 7.06)	1991	Modelled	IHME
5.8 (3.86 - 7.22)	1990	Modelled	IHME
2.24 (1.68 - 2.85)	2015	Modelled	WHO
2.3	2013	Survey/reported	WHO WPRO, Woodring J et al, 2017

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Technical notes

Number of people living with chronic HBV

National

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Value	Year	Type	Source
409,904 (343,488 - 446,170)	1990	Modelled	IHME
416,192 (350,604 - 452,978)	1991	Modelled	IHME
422,712 (354,958 - 460,514)	1992	Modelled	IHME
429,512 (360,088 - 469,758)	1993	Modelled	IHME
436,602 (365,938 - 479,744)	1994	Modelled	IHME
443,997 (373,867 - 488,479)	1995	Modelled	IHME
451,497 (380,032 - 494,207)	1996	Modelled	IHME
458,956 (387,387 - 499,372)	1997	Modelled	IHME
466,367 (394,843 - 505,119)	1998	Modelled	IHME
473,948 (404,192 - 511,742)	1999	Modelled	IHME
481,951 (410,990 - 519,140)	2000	Modelled	IHME
490,403 (421,840 - 525,630)	2001	Modelled	IHME
499,136 (432,551 - 534,146)	2002	Modelled	IHME
507,874 (442,616 - 542,315)	2003	Modelled	IHME
516,328 (453,237 - 550,541)	2004	Modelled	IHME
524,191 (464,639 - 558,158)	2005	Modelled	IHME
531,151 (472,022 - 563,875)	2006	Modelled	IHME
537,288 (479,045 - 568,902)	2007	Modelled	IHME
542,890 (487,438 - 573,611)	2008	Modelled	IHME
548,245 (494,034 - 578,801)	2009	Modelled	IHME
553,678 (496,642 - 585,401)	2010	Modelled	IHME
558,472 (501,105 - 589,073)	2011	Modelled	IHME
562,259 (502,264 - 593,398)	2012	Modelled	IHME
566,094 (500,827 - 598,097)	2013	Modelled	IHME
571,164 (501,245 - 604,142)	2014	Modelled	IHME
578,739 (510,589 - 612,538)	2015	Modelled	IHME
589,962 (541,498 - 620,301)	2016	Modelled	IHME
601,194 (560,720 - 630,781)	2017	Modelled	IHME
608,255 (573,493 - 635,036)	2018	Modelled	IHME
611,710 (574,412 - 638,804)	2019	Modelled	IHME
535,000 (482,000 - 621,000)	2016	Modelled	Razavi-Shearer et al, 2018

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HBV-related death rate

National

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Value (per 100,000)	Year	Type	Source
2.93 (2.02 - 4.16)	2019	Modelled	IHME
2.94 (2 - 4.21)	2018	Modelled	IHME
2.92 (1.98 - 4.17)	2017	Modelled	IHME
2.89 (1.95 - 4.05)	2016	Modelled	IHME
2.91 (1.97 - 4.13)	2015	Modelled	IHME
2.89 (1.95 - 4.10)	2014	Modelled	IHME
2.92 (1.96 - 4.17)	2013	Modelled	IHME
2.98 (2 - 4.22)	2012	Modelled	IHME
3.03 (2.02 - 4.26)	2011	Modelled	IHME
3.03 (2.04 - 4.25)	2010	Modelled	IHME
3.02 (2.02 - 4.23)	2009	Modelled	IHME
3.09 (2.06 - 4.27)	2008	Modelled	IHME
3.15 (2.13 - 4.38)	2007	Modelled	IHME
3.17 (2.17 - 4.37)	2006	Modelled	IHME
3.19 (2.18 - 4.42)	2005	Modelled	IHME
3.18 (2.19 - 4.42)	2004	Modelled	IHME
3.2 (2.20 - 4.47)	2003	Modelled	IHME
3.22 (2.22 - 4.54)	2002	Modelled	IHME
3.24 (2.21 - 4.58)	2001	Modelled	IHME
3.28 (2.23 - 4.68)	2000	Modelled	IHME
3.35 (2.29 - 4.80)	1999	Modelled	IHME
3.37 (2.30 - 4.80)	1998	Modelled	IHME
3.38 (2.30 - 4.82)	1997	Modelled	IHME
3.43 (2.34 - 4.89)	1996	Modelled	IHME
3.46 (2.36 - 4.96)	1995	Modelled	IHME
3.53 (2.44 - 5.11)	1994	Modelled	IHME
3.63 (2.53 - 5.23)	1993	Modelled	IHME
3.74 (2.57 - 5.40)	1992	Modelled	IHME
3.82 (2.66 - 5.50)	1991	Modelled	IHME
3.9 (2.67 - 5.66)	1990	Modelled	IHME

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Technical notes

HBV-related deaths

National

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Value	Year	Type	Source
289 (200 - 410)	2019	Modelled	IHME
282 (192 - 404)	2018	Modelled	IHME
272 (185 - 389)	2017	Modelled	IHME
262 (177 - 367)	2016	Modelled	IHME
256 (173 - 363)	2015	Modelled	IHME
247 (166 - 350)	2014	Modelled	IHME
242 (163 - 346)	2013	Modelled	IHME
240 (161 - 340)	2012	Modelled	IHME
237 (158 - 333)	2011	Modelled	IHME
230 (154 - 322)	2010	Modelled	IHME
222 (149 - 311)	2009	Modelled	IHME
220 (147 - 304)	2008	Modelled	IHME
218 (147 - 303)	2007	Modelled	IHME
213 (145 - 293)	2006	Modelled	IHME
207 (142 - 288)	2005	Modelled	IHME
201 (138 - 278)	2004	Modelled	IHME
195 (135 - 273)	2003	Modelled	IHME
191 (132 - 269)	2002	Modelled	IHME
186 (127 - 263)	2001	Modelled	IHME
182 (124 - 260)	2000	Modelled	IHME
180 (123 - 258)	1999	Modelled	IHME
176 (120 - 250)	1998	Modelled	IHME
171 (116 - 243)	1997	Modelled	IHME
168 (115 - 239)	1996	Modelled	IHME
164 (112 - 235)	1995	Modelled	IHME
163 (112 - 235)	1994	Modelled	IHME
162 (113 - 233)	1993	Modelled	IHME
162 (111 - 234)	1992	Modelled	IHME
161 (112 - 231)	1991	Modelled	IHME
159 (109 - 231)	1990	Modelled	IHME
1,067	2016	Modelled	WHO

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Technical notes

Percent of liver cancer deaths attributable to HBV

National

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
48 (39 - 59)	2019	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 59)	2018	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 59)	2017	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2016	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2015	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2014	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 58)	2013	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2012	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 58)	2011	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 58)	2010	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2009	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2008	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2007	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2006	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2005	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2004	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	2003	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 57)	2002	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 57)	2001	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 57)	2000	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 57)	1999	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 57)	1998	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	1997	Modelled	IHME
48 (38 - 58)	1996	Modelled	IHME
48 (39 - 58)	1995	Modelled	IHME
49 (39 - 59)	1994	Modelled	IHME
49 (39 - 59)	1993	Modelled	IHME
49 (40 - 59)	1992	Modelled	IHME
49 (40 - 59)	1991	Modelled	IHME
50 (40 - 60)	1990	Modelled	IHME

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Technical notes

Coverage of HepB birth dose

Newborns

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
25	2019	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
25	2018	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
33	2017	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
35	2016	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
32	2015	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
31	2014	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
37	2013	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
35	2012	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
31	2011	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
31	2010	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
26	2009	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
27	2008	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
29	2007	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
35	2006	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
24	2020	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF

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Technical notes

Coverage of 3-dose hepatitis B vaccine

Infants

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
35	2019	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF
39	2020	Survey/reported	WHO/UNICEF

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Technical notes

Number of needles/syringes per PWID per year

People who inject drugs (PWID)

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Value	Year	Type	Source
0 (0 - 0)	2016	Survey/reported	Harm Reduction International, 2016

Technical notes

Percent of PWID accessing OST

People who inject drugs (PWID)

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
0	2016	Survey/reported	Harm Reduction International, 2016

HBV National Action Plan

HBV elimination goal

HepB birth dose policy

Yes

Source: WHO

Year of birth dose introduction

1998

Source: WHO

Eligible for HBV generic medicines

Source: MPP

HCV National Action Plan

HCV elimination goal

Eligible for HCV generic medicines

Source: MPP

At least one needle-syringe exchange program (NSP) operational

Source: Harm Reduction International

At least one opioid substitution therapy (OST) program operational

Source: Harm Reduction International

NSP in at least one prison

Source: Harm Reduction International

OST in at least one prison

Source: Harm Reduction International

% of substance use disorder facilities offering hepatitis testing

None

Source: WHO

% of substance use disorder facilities offering hepatitis treatment

None

Source: WHO

Hepatitis C

Download HCV data

Prevalence of chronic HCV (RNA+/cAg)

National

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
1.01 (0.81 - 1.26)	2019	Modelled	IHME
1.01 (0.80 - 1.26)	2018	Modelled	IHME
1.01 (0.80 - 1.28)	2017	Modelled	IHME
1.01 (0.81 - 1.26)	2016	Modelled	IHME
1.01 (0.81 - 1.24)	2015	Modelled	IHME
1.01 (0.81 - 1.25)	2014	Modelled	IHME
1.02 (0.82 - 1.27)	2013	Modelled	IHME
1.04 (0.83 - 1.29)	2012	Modelled	IHME
1.06 (0.83 - 1.32)	2011	Modelled	IHME
1.07 (0.84 - 1.35)	2010	Modelled	IHME
1.09 (0.86 - 1.36)	2009	Modelled	IHME
1.11 (0.89 - 1.38)	2008	Modelled	IHME
1.14 (0.92 - 1.40)	2007	Modelled	IHME
1.17 (0.94 - 1.43)	2006	Modelled	IHME
1.2 (0.97 - 1.47)	2005	Modelled	IHME
1.25 (1.01 - 1.52)	2004	Modelled	IHME
1.3 (1.06 - 1.58)	2003	Modelled	IHME
1.36 (1.11 - 1.66)	2002	Modelled	IHME
1.42 (1.16 - 1.74)	2001	Modelled	IHME
1.46 (1.19 - 1.81)	2000	Modelled	IHME
1.5 (1.22 - 1.84)	1999	Modelled	IHME
1.53 (1.25 - 1.87)	1998	Modelled	IHME
1.56 (1.26 - 1.91)	1997	Modelled	IHME
1.58 (1.26 - 1.94)	1996	Modelled	IHME
1.59 (1.27 - 1.96)	1995	Modelled	IHME
1.58 (1.26 - 1.93)	1994	Modelled	IHME
1.54 (1.23 - 1.89)	1993	Modelled	IHME
1.48 (1.18 - 1.82)	1992	Modelled	IHME
1.4 (1.11 - 1.73)	1991	Modelled	IHME
1.31 (1.03 - 1.63)	1990	Modelled	IHME
1.2 (0.90 - 4.20)	2015	Modelled	Blach et al, 2017

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Women of childbearing age (15–49 years)

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
1.49 (1.12 - 5.20)	2019	Modelled	Dugan et al., 2021

Technical notes

Number of people living with chronic HCV (RNA+/cAg)

National

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Value	Year	Type	Source
53,425 (42,235 - 66,664)	1990	Modelled	IHME
58,841 (46,521 - 72,929)	1991	Modelled	IHME
63,961 (50,965 - 78,945)	1992	Modelled	IHME
68,589 (55,012 - 84,157)	1993	Modelled	IHME
72,496 (58,013 - 88,716)	1994	Modelled	IHME
75,424 (60,313 - 93,034)	1995	Modelled	IHME
77,437 (61,845 - 94,894)	1996	Modelled	IHME
78,874 (63,739 - 96,626)	1997	Modelled	IHME
79,859 (65,255 - 97,669)	1998	Modelled	IHME
80,577 (65,873 - 99,103)	1999	Modelled	IHME
81,237 (66,334 - 100,637)	2000	Modelled	IHME
81,380 (66,512 - 99,726)	2001	Modelled	IHME
80,677 (65,887 - 98,187)	2002	Modelled	IHME
79,565 (64,725 - 96,692)	2003	Modelled	IHME
78,544 (63,466 - 95,693)	2004	Modelled	IHME
78,184 (62,782 - 95,457)	2005	Modelled	IHME
78,437 (63,056 - 95,924)	2006	Modelled	IHME
78,855 (63,359 - 97,038)	2007	Modelled	IHME
79,464 (63,311 - 98,334)	2008	Modelled	IHME
80,285 (63,468 - 99,903)	2009	Modelled	IHME
81,340 (63,859 - 102,468)	2010	Modelled	IHME
82,469 (64,884 - 103,362)	2011	Modelled	IHME
83,593 (66,630 - 103,932)	2012	Modelled	IHME
84,883 (67,970 - 105,028)	2013	Modelled	IHME
86,533 (69,434 - 106,638)	2014	Modelled	IHME
88,749 (70,907 - 109,291)	2015	Modelled	IHME
91,582 (73,047 - 113,739)	2016	Modelled	IHME
94,503 (74,504 - 119,021)	2017	Modelled	IHME
97,165 (77,211 - 121,274)	2018	Modelled	IHME
99,687 (79,464 - 124,682)	2019	Modelled	IHME
94,000 (70,000 - 328,000)	2015	Modelled	Blach et al, 2017

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Women of childbearing age (15–49 years)

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Value	Year	Type	Source
33,000 (24,700 - 115,000)	2019	Modelled	Dugan et al., 2021

HCV-related death rate

National

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Value (per 100,000)	Year	Type	Source
1.94 (1.27 - 2.79)	2019	Modelled	IHME
1.94 (1.28 - 2.76)	2018	Modelled	IHME
1.93 (1.27 - 2.78)	2017	Modelled	IHME
1.93 (1.28 - 2.74)	2016	Modelled	IHME
1.95 (1.29 - 2.83)	2015	Modelled	IHME
1.93 (1.28 - 2.80)	2014	Modelled	IHME
1.92 (1.29 - 2.78)	2013	Modelled	IHME
1.93 (1.29 - 2.77)	2012	Modelled	IHME
1.92 (1.29 - 2.75)	2011	Modelled	IHME
1.89 (1.26 - 2.71)	2010	Modelled	IHME
1.84 (1.23 - 2.61)	2009	Modelled	IHME
1.84 (1.24 - 2.60)	2008	Modelled	IHME
1.83 (1.23 - 2.59)	2007	Modelled	IHME
1.81 (1.21 - 2.57)	2006	Modelled	IHME
1.81 (1.22 - 2.54)	2005	Modelled	IHME
1.79 (1.20 - 2.53)	2004	Modelled	IHME
1.79 (1.18 - 2.54)	2003	Modelled	IHME
1.79 (1.20 - 2.53)	2002	Modelled	IHME
1.79 (1.19 - 2.54)	2001	Modelled	IHME
1.81 (1.21 - 2.55)	2000	Modelled	IHME
1.83 (1.22 - 2.60)	1999	Modelled	IHME
1.83 (1.23 - 2.58)	1998	Modelled	IHME
1.83 (1.23 - 2.57)	1997	Modelled	IHME
1.84 (1.25 - 2.60)	1996	Modelled	IHME
1.84 (1.25 - 2.64)	1995	Modelled	IHME
1.86 (1.27 - 2.65)	1994	Modelled	IHME
1.89 (1.30 - 2.69)	1993	Modelled	IHME
1.92 (1.32 - 2.73)	1992	Modelled	IHME
1.93 (1.33 - 2.72)	1991	Modelled	IHME
1.93 (1.34 - 2.71)	1990	Modelled	IHME

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Technical notes

HCV-related deaths

National

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Value	Year	Type	Source
191 (125 - 275)	2019	Modelled	IHME
186 (123 - 265)	2018	Modelled	IHME
180 (119 - 259)	2017	Modelled	IHME
175 (116 - 249)	2016	Modelled	IHME
172 (113 - 249)	2015	Modelled	IHME
165 (109 - 239)	2014	Modelled	IHME
159 (107 - 230)	2013	Modelled	IHME
155 (104 - 223)	2012	Modelled	IHME
150 (101 - 215)	2011	Modelled	IHME
143 (96 - 205)	2010	Modelled	IHME
135 (91 - 192)	2009	Modelled	IHME
131 (89 - 185)	2008	Modelled	IHME
127 (85 - 179)	2007	Modelled	IHME
122 (81 - 173)	2006	Modelled	IHME
117 (79 - 165)	2005	Modelled	IHME
113 (76 - 160)	2004	Modelled	IHME
109 (72 - 155)	2003	Modelled	IHME
106 (71 - 150)	2002	Modelled	IHME
103 (68 - 145)	2001	Modelled	IHME
100 (67 - 142)	2000	Modelled	IHME
99 (66 - 140)	1999	Modelled	IHME
96 (64 - 134)	1998	Modelled	IHME
92 (62 - 130)	1997	Modelled	IHME
90 (61 - 127)	1996	Modelled	IHME
87 (59 - 125)	1995	Modelled	IHME
86 (58 - 122)	1994	Modelled	IHME
84 (58 - 120)	1993	Modelled	IHME
83 (57 - 118)	1992	Modelled	IHME
81 (56 - 114)	1991	Modelled	IHME
79 (55 - 111)	1990	Modelled	IHME
74	2016	Modelled	WHO

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Technical notes

Percent of liver cancer deaths attributable to HCV

National

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Value (%)	Year	Type	Source
24 (16 - 32)	2019	Modelled	IHME
24 (16 - 32)	2018	Modelled	IHME
25 (16 - 32)	2017	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 32)	2016	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2015	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2014	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2013	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2012	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2011	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2010	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2009	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	2008	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 34)	2007	Modelled	IHME
26 (17 - 34)	2006	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 34)	2005	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 34)	2004	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 34)	2003	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 34)	2002	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 35)	2001	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 34)	2000	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 34)	1999	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 35)	1998	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 35)	1997	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 35)	1996	Modelled	IHME
26 (18 - 35)	1995	Modelled	IHME
26 (17 - 34)	1994	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 34)	1993	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 34)	1992	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	1991	Modelled	IHME
25 (17 - 33)	1990	Modelled	IHME